Tuesday, 13 June 2017

G. H. Luce - THE EARLY SYĀM IN BURMA’S HISTORY

    Not  long  ago, I  was asked  to give an opinion  about a  proposal to write the  history of  the Shans. The proposal came from a Shan scholar for whom I  have great respect, and  who  was as well- fitted   as  any  Shan   I    know   to   do   the   work. He planned to assemble   copies   of   all   the  Shan  State  Chronicles extant; toglean all references to the Shan States in Burmese Chronicles; andfinally   to   collect  source   materials  in   English. Such,  in   brief,was  the  plan. I  had  to  point  out  that   it  omitted what,  for   the older  periods  at  least, were  the   most  important  sources of  all: the   original   Old  Thai   inscriptions  of  the north, the  number  of which, if   those   from  East  Burma, North   Siam   and  Laos,  are included, may  well   exceed   a  hundred;1 and  the  dated contem- porary   records   in   Chinese,  from   the  13th   century   onwards.
I do not know if  these  sources  have   been  adequately  tapped in Siam.  They   certainly     have    not   in    Burma.  And   since  the earlier  period, say  1250  to 1450  A.D., is  the   time  of  the mass-
movements   of    the   Dai2   southward    from   Western   Yünnan, radiating   all   over   Further   India   and  beyond,  the   subject  is one,  I   think,   that  concerns   Siam  no  less  than  Burma. I  am a poor  scholar  of  Thai; so I shall confine myself here  to  Chinese and  Burmese  sources. The Chinese ones are mainly the dynastic histories  of   the  Mongols   in  China (the Yuan-shih) and  the  history   of   the  earlier  half  of   the   Ming   dynasty (the   Ming-shü). The  short, well-dated   entries   in  the   Court  annals (pên-chi)  of these   histories   can   often   be   amplified   by   reference  to the sections    on    geography  (ti-li-chih),  to     the    biographies  of individuals    (lieh-chuan),  and    accounts   of    foreign   countries